Thawj tshooj
2.5 tus qauv pov tseg
Cov khoom thiab kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm 2.5.1 tawg hlau
Tag nrho cov tsim ntawm hoisting machinery tsis pub xaim hlua kom muaj lub neej ntev ntev.
Rau cov hlua hlau nrog 6 strands thiab 8 strands, tawg hlau feem ntau tshwm sim hauv qhov tsos. Rau ntau txheej hlua hlua, cov hlua hlau (cov qauv sib xyaw ua ke) sib txawv, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov hlua hlau tawg no tshwm sim hauv, thiab yog li "tsis pom" tawg.
Thaum ua ke nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm 2.5.2 txog 2.5.11, nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntau hom hlua hlau.
Cov hlau tawg ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2.5.2 hlua
Thaum cov hlau xaus los yog ze ntawm cov hlau tawg, txawm tias tus lej tsawg heev, nws qhia tau tias qhov kev ntxhov siab heev. Tej zaum nws yuav tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis raug ntawm kev teeb tsa ntawm txoj hlua kawg, thiab qhov ua rau kev puas tsuaj yuav tsum raug pom. Yog tias txoj hlua ntev tau tso cai, qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau tawg yuav tsum raug txiav tawm thiab rov nruab dua.
Local aggregation ntawm 2.5.3 tawg hlau
Yog tias cov xaim tawg tau nyob ze ua ke los tsim kev sib sau hauv zos, cov hlua hlau yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg. Yog hais tias cov hlau tawg nyob rau hauv qhov ntev ntawm tsawg dua 6D los yog concentrated nyob rau hauv ib txoj hlua, cov hlua hlau yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg txawm tias cov xov hlau tawg tsawg dua li ntawm cov npe.
Qhov nce ntawm 2.5.4 tawg hlau
Hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, kev qaug zog yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlua hlau, thiab cov hlau tawg tau pib tshwm sim tsuas yog tom qab siv lub sijhawm, tab sis cov xov tooj tawg tau maj mam nce, thiab nws lub sijhawm luv luv thiab luv dua. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov nce ntawm cov hlau tawg, yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas thiab kaw cov hlau tawg. Kev txheeb xyuas qhov "txoj cai" no tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim seb hnub twg ntawm cov hlua hlau raug muab pov tseg yav tom ntej.
2.5.5 strand tawg
Yog tias txoj hlua tawg, cov hlua hlau yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg.
Qhov txo qis ntawm txoj hlua txoj kab uas hla los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlua khi hauv 2.5.6
Thaum cov tub ntxhais fiber ntau ntawm cov hlua hlau puas lawm los yog cov hlua sab hauv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau (los yog cov hlua sab hauv ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau txheej tau tawg), txoj hlua txoj kab uas hla yog txo qis, thiab cov hlua hlau yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg.
Kev puas tsuaj me me, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm tag nrho cov strands zoo sib npaug, tej zaum yuav tsis pom tseeb los ntawm txoj kev sim ib txwm. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej no yuav ua rau lub zog ntawm txoj hlua hlau yuav txo qis heev. Yog li ntawd, txhua qhov cim qhia ntawm kev puas tsuaj me me yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas hauv cov hlua hlau kom pom tau. Thaum qhov kev puas tsuaj raug lees paub, cov hlua hlau yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg.
2.5.7 elasticity txo
Qee qhov xwm txheej (feem ntau cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm), qhov elasticity ntawm cov hlua hlau yuav raug txo kom tsawg, thiab nws yuav tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb los txuas ntxiv siv nws.
Nws yog ib qho nyuaj kom paub qhov elasticity ntawm cov hlua hlau. Yog tias tus neeg soj ntsuam muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, nws yuav tsum sab laj nrog tus kws tshaj lij ntawm cov hlua hlau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov txo qis ntawm elasticity feem ntau yog nrog los ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:
Txoj kab uas hla ntawm A. hlua yog txo.
Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm B. hlau hlua yog elongated.
C. vim hais tias cov khoom yog nruj nreem nias ntawm ib leeg, tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau thiab strand.
Muaj cov hmoov zoo xim av hauv D. hlua.
Txawm hais tias tsis muaj cov hlau tawg tau pom nyob rau hauv E., txoj hlua hlau tau pom tseeb tsis yooj yim rau khoov thiab txoj kab uas hla tau txo qis, uas tau nrawm dua li qhov tshwm sim los ntawm cov hlau hlau hnav. Qhov xwm txheej no yuav ua rau muaj kev tawg sai sai nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm dynamic load, yog li nws yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg tam sim ntawd.
Sab nrauv thiab sab hauv hnav ntawm 2.5.8
Ob qhov xwm txheej ntawm abrasion yog tsim:
Internal hnav thiab siab pits nyob rau hauv a.
Qhov no yog vim muaj kev sib txhuam ntawm cov hlua khi thiab cov hlua hauv cov hlua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum cov hlua hlau yog khoov.
Sab nraud hnav ntawm B.
Kev hnav ntawm cov hlau hlau nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm cov hlua hlau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txhuam ntawm cov hlua thiab zawj ntawm lub rub thiab lub nruas nyob rau hauv siab. Thaum lub sij hawm acceleration thiab deceleration suab, kev sib cuag ntawm cov hlua hlau thiab lub pulley yog pom tseeb heev, thiab cov hlau hlau sab nrauv yog grind rau hauv ib lub dav hlau.
Lub lubrication tsis txaus los yog lubrication tsis raug thiab plua plav thiab xuab zeb tseem ua rau hnav.
Hnav txo qhov seem ntawm cov hlua hlau thiab txo lub zog. Thaum cov hlau sab nraud ncav cuag 40% ntawm nws txoj kab uas hla, cov hlua hlau yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg.
Thaum txoj kab uas hla ntawm txoj hlua hlau raug txo los ntawm 7% lossis ntau tshaj qhov nominal txoj kab uas hla, txawm tias tsis pom cov hlau tawg, cov hlua hlau yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg.
Sab nrauv thiab sab hauv corrosion ntawm 2.5.9
Corrosion yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv marine los yog industrial polluted atmospheres. Nws tsis tsuas yog txo cov cheeb tsam ntawm cov hlau ntawm cov hlua hlau, yog li txo qhov kev tawg ntawm lub zog, tab sis kuj ua rau lub ntsej muag ntxhib thiab pib tsim cov kab nrib pleb thiab ua kom qaug zog. Kev xeb hnyav kuj tseem yuav ua rau lub elasticity ntawm cov hlua hlau txo.
Sab nraud corrosion ntawm 2.5.9.1
Lub corrosion ntawm sab nraud steel hlau tuaj yeem pom los ntawm qhov muag liab qab. Thaum lub qhov tob tob tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw thiab cov hlau hlau yog xoob heev, nws yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg.
Sab hauv corrosion ntawm 2.5.9.2
Internal corrosion yog yooj yim dua los xyuas dua li sab nraud corrosion feem ntau nrog nws. Txawm li cas los xij, cov phenomena hauv qab no tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau:
Kev hloov ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm A. hlau hlua. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm txoj hlua hlau nyob rau hauv qhov khoov ib ncig ntawm lub pulley feem ntau yog me dua. Tab sis rau cov hlau zoo li qub hlau hlua, txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov hlua hlau feem ntau nce vim yog xeb tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov hlua sab nraud.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlua sab nraud ntawm B. hlau hlua txo qis, thiab cov hlau tawg ntawm cov hlua sab nraud feem ntau tshwm sim.
Yog tias muaj ib qho kev kos npe ntawm kev txhim kho sab hauv, tus thawj saib xyuas yuav tsum ua kev tshuaj xyuas sab hauv ntawm cov hlua hlau. Yog tias muaj qhov hnyav sab hauv corrosion, cov hlua hlau yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg tam sim ntawd.
2.5.10 deformation
Cov hlua hlau poob nws qhov zoo li qub thiab ua rau pom kev deformities. Qhov no deformation ib feem (los yog zoo ib feem) tej zaum yuav ua rau kev hloov, uas yuav ua rau cov kev nyuaj siab tsis sib xws nyob rau hauv cov hlua hlau.
Lub deformation ntawm txoj hlua hlau tuaj yeem txawv ntawm qhov pom.
2.5.10.1 wave shape
Lub deformation ntawm nthwv dej yog: lub longitudinal axis ntawm cov hlua hlau ua ib tug kauv zoo. Qhov no deformation tsis tas yuav ua rau poob ntawm lub zog, tab sis yog tias qhov deformation loj heev, nws yuav ua rau raug ntaus thiab ua rau tsis sib xws. Lub sijhawm ntev yuav ua rau hnav thiab txiav tawm.
Thaum cov duab yoj tshwm sim, qhov ntev ntawm txoj hlua hlau tsis ntau tshaj 25d.